SS7H1

The student will analyze continuity and change in Africa leading to the 21st century. Explain how the European partitioning across Africa contributed to conflict, civil war, and artificial political boundaries. Explain how nationalism led to independence in South Africa, Kenya, and Nigeria. Explain the creation and end of apartheid in South Africa and the roles of Nelson Mandela and F.W.de Klerk. Explain the impact of the Pan-African movement.