8.1-8.9 History

demonstrate safe practices during laboratory and field investigations as outlined in the Texas Safety Standards

apply absolute and relative chronology through the sequencing of significant individuals, events, and time periods

explain the significance of the following dates: 1607, founding of Jamestown; 1620, arrival of the Pilgrims and signing of the Mayflower Compact; 1776, adoption of the Declaration of Independence; 1787, writing of the U.S. Constitution; 1803, Louisiana Purchase; and 1861-1865, Civil War

identify reasons for European exploration and colonization of North America

compare political, economic, religious, and social reasons for the establishment of the 13 English colonies

explain the reasons for the growth of representative government and institutions during the colonial period

analyze the importance of the Mayflower Compact, the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, and the Virginia House of Burgesses to the growth of representative government

describe how religion and virtue contributed to the growth of representative government in the American colonies

analyze causes of the American Revolution, including the Proclamation of 1763, the Intolerable Acts, the Stamp Act, mercantilism, lack of representation in Parliament, and British economic policies following the French and Indian War

explain the roles played by significant individuals during the American Revolution, including Abigail Adams, John Adams, Wentworth Cheswell, Samuel Adams, Mercy Otis Warren, James Armistead, Benjamin Franklin, Bernardo de Gálvez, Crispus Attucks, King George III, Haym Salomon, Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, the Marquis de Lafayette, Thomas Paine, and George Washington

explain the issues surrounding important events of the American Revolution, including declaring independence; writing the Articles of Confederation; fighting the battles of Lexington, Concord, Saratoga, and Yorktown; enduring the winter at Valley Forge; and signing the Treaty of Paris of 1783

analyze the issues of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, including the Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise

analyze the arguments for and against ratification

describe major domestic problems faced by the leaders of the new republic such as maintaining national security, building a military, creating a stable economic system, setting up the court system, and defining the authority of the central government

summarize arguments regarding protective tariffs, taxation, and the banking system

explain the origin and development of American political parties

explain the causes, important events, and effects of the War of 1812

identify the foreign policies of presidents Washington through Monroe and explain the impact of Washington's Farewell Address and the Monroe Doctrine

explain the impact of the election of Andrew Jackson, including expanded suffrage

analyze the reasons for the removal and resettlement of Cherokee Indians during the Jacksonian era, including the Indian Removal Act, Worcester v. Georgia, and the Trail of Tears

explain how the Northwest Ordinance established principles and procedures for orderly expansion of the United States

explain the political, economic, and social roots of Manifest Destiny

analyze the relationship between the concept of Manifest Destiny and the westward growth of the nation

explain the causes and effects of the U.S.-Mexican War and their impact on the United States

identify areas that were acquired to form the United States, including the Louisiana Purchase

analyze the impact of tariff policies on sections of the United States before the Civil War

compare the effects of political, economic, and social factors on slaves and free blacks

analyze the impact of slavery on different sections of the United States

identify the provisions and compare the effects of congressional conflicts and compromises prior to the Civil War, including the roles of John Quincy Adams, John C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, and Daniel Webster

explain the roles played by significant individuals during the Civil War, including Jefferson Davis, Ulysses S. Grant, Robert E. Lee, and Abraham Lincoln, and heroes such as congressional Medal of Honor recipients William Carney and Philip Bazaar

explain the causes of the Civil War, including sectionalism, states' rights, and slavery, and significant events of the Civil War, including the firing on Fort Sumter; the battles of Antietam, Gettysburg, and Vicksburg; the announcement of the Emancipation Proclamation; Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House; and the assassination of Abraham Lincoln

analyze Abraham Lincoln's ideas about liberty, equality, union, and government as contained in his first and second inaugural addresses and the Gettysburg Address and contrast them with the ideas contained in Jefferson Davis's inaugural address

evaluate legislative reform programs of the Radical Reconstruction Congress and reconstructed state governments

evaluate the impact of the election of Hiram Rhodes Revels

explain the economic, political, and social problems during Reconstruction and evaluate their impact on different groups

identify the effects of legislative acts such as the Homestead Act, the Dawes Act, and the Morrill Act