Earth and space

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The student understands the structure of Earth, the rock cycle, and plate tectonics. The student is expected to:

Build a model to illustrate the compositional and mechanical layers of Earth, including the inner core, outer core, mantle, crust, asthenosphere, and lithosphere;

Classify rocks as metamorphic, igneous, or sedimentary by the processes of their formation;

Identify the major tectonic plates, including Eurasian, African, Indo-Australian, Pacific, North American, and South American; and

Describe how plate tectonics causes major geological events such as ocean basin formation, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building

The student understands the organization of our solar system and the relationships among the various bodies that comprise it. The student is expected to:

Describe the physical properties, locations, and movements of the Sun, planets, moons, meteors, asteroids, and comets;

Understand that gravity is the force that governs the motion of our solar system; and

Describe the history and future of space exploration, including the types of equipment and transportation needed for space travel.